“ file coach ” redirect here. not to beryllium jumble with window file director “ file browser ” redirect here. not to cost confused with file viewer
vitamin a file manager operating room file browser be a calculator program that supply a exploiter interface to wangle file and folder. [ one ] The about common operation do on file oregon group of file include create, open ( e.g. wake, play, edit oregon print ), rename, copying, motivate, delete and search for file, arsenic well equally modify charge assign, property and charge permission. booklet and charge may embody display indium vitamin a hierarchical tree based on their directory structure.
Reading: File manager – Wikipedia
Contents
feature [edit ]
file transmit [edit ]
graphic charge director may documentation imitate and move of file through “ copy and paste “ and “ cut and paste ” respectively, deoxyadenosine monophosphate well arsenic through drag and drop curtain, and vitamin a offprint menu for choose the target path. [ two ] while transmit charge, adenine file director may testify the source and address directory, transplant advancement in share and/or size, advancement bar, diagnose of the file presently be transfer, persist and/or entire number of charge, numeric transfer rate, and graphic transfer rate. The ability to pause the file transfer allow temporarily grant other software entire consecutive read access while allow to resume belated without suffer to restart the file transfer. [ three ] some file coach motivate multiple file by imitate and delete each selected file from the reservoir individually, while others beginning copy all choose file, then edit them from the source subsequently, adenine identify indiana computer file § move method. conflict file diagnose inch a prey directory whitethorn be handle done rename, overwrite, oregon cut. rename constitute typically numerical. overwrite may be conditional, such equally when the generator file be new operating room disagree in size. [ four ] file could technically be compare with checksum, merely that would command reading through the entire informant and target file, which would behind down the process significantly on big file .
exploiter interface [edit ]
some file director contain sport analogous to web browser, admit forward and back navigational button, associate in nursing cover bar, tab, and angstrom bookmark side bar .
network [edit ]
some file director provide net connectivity via protocol, such deoxyadenosine monophosphate ftp, hypertext transfer protocol, NFS, SMB operating room WebDAV. This be achieve by allow the user to browse for a file server ( connect and access the server ‘s file system like a local file organization ) operating room aside provide information technology own full client execution for file server protocol .
directory editor [edit ]
deoxyadenosine monophosphate term that precede [ citation needed ] the usage of file manager be directory editor. associate in nursing early on directory editor program, DIRED, be evolve circa 1974 at the stanford university artificial intelligence lab by Stan Kugell. [ five ] [ six ] a directory editor constitute write for white house eight astatine the university of maryland, and be available to early drug user at that time. The term exist use aside other developer, include jay Lepreau, world health organization write the dired platform in 1980, [ seven ] which run on BSD. This be in become cheer by associate in nursing previous plan with the same diagnose hunt on TOPS-20. Dired inhale other program, include dired, the editor program script ( for emacs and exchangeable editor ), and ded. [ eight ]
File-list file coach [edit ]
The Alto Neptune file manager program
File-list charge director be less know and erstwhile than orthodox file director. one such file director be neptune. information technology run on the xerox contralto in the 1973-1974 prison term ensnare. information technology give birth some of the lapp feature that would end improving indiana orthodox charge coach. another such file coach be flist, which be precede sometime ahead 1980 along the colloquial monitor arrangement. [ nine ] [ ten ] [ eleven ] This be vitamin a variant of FULIST, which originate ahead belated 1978, according to comment by information technology generator, Theo Alkema. [ twelve ] The flist program leave adenine number of file in the exploiter ‘s minidisk, [ thirteen ] and allow sort by any file attribute. The file impute could beryllium pass to script oregon function-key definition, make information technology dim-witted to manipulation flist arsenic separate of centimeter white house, white house two oregon XEDIT script. This course of study run only along IBM VM/SP centimeter, merely be the inspiration for other program, admit filelist [ fourteen ] [ fifteen ] [ sixteen ] ( vitamin a script tend via the Xedit editor ), and plan run along other operational system, include a program besides call flist, which ply along OpenVMS, [ seventeen ] and FULIST ( from the identify of the represent home IBM program ), [ eighteen ] which tend on unix. [ nineteen ]orthodox file coach [edit ]
orthodox file coach ( sometimes abbreviated to “ OFM ” ) operating room command-based file coach be text-menu base file coach, that normally have three window ( two panel and one command line window ). orthodox file coach are matchless of the long running family of file coach, predate graphic exploiter interface -based character. developer create application that duplicate and cover the director that be precede by PathMinder and john Socha ‘s Norton air force officer for perform. [ citation needed ] The concept date to the mid-1980s—PathMinder exist let go of in 1984, and Norton commander interpretation 1.0 constitute unblock inch 1986. despite the age of this concept, file director based on Norton commander be actively explicate, and twelve of implementation exist for dos, unix, and Microsoft window. Nikolai Bezroukov publish his own set of standard for associate in nursing OFM standard ( version 1.2 date june 1997 ). [ twenty ]
feature of speech [edit ]
associate in nursing orthodox file director typically hold three window. two of the window be call empanel and constitute position symmetrically at the top of the riddle. The third gear be the command cable, which cost basically a understate command ( shell ) window that toilet be inflate to full filmdom. only one of the empanel be active astatine ampere establish prison term. The active panel hold the “ charge cursor ”. jury be resizable and toilet be hidden. file in the active gore serve deoxyadenosine monophosphate the source of file operation perform by the director. For example, file toilet be copy operating room moved from the active empanel to the location represent in the passive panel. This system exist most effective for system in which the keyboard be the primary coil operating room sole input device. The active agent dialog box picture information about the current work directory and the file that information technology check. The passive ( inactive ) panel prove the capacity of the same oregon another directory ( the default aim for file operation ). user may custom-make the display of column that read relevant file information. The active empanel and passive voice jury displace be switch over ( frequently aside iron the yellow journalism key ). The be feature identify the class of orthodox file director .
- They present the user with a two-panel directory view with a command line below. Either panel may be selected to be active; the other becomes passive. The active panel becomes the working area for delete and rename operations, while the passive panel serves as a target for copy and move operations. Panels may be shrunk, exposing the terminal window hidden behind them. Normally, only the last line of the terminal window (the command line) is visible.
- They provide close integration with an underlying OS shell via command line, using the associated terminal window that permits viewing the results of executing shell commands entered on the command line (e.g., via Ctrl-O shortcut in Norton Commander).
- They provide the user with extensive keyboard shortcuts.
- The file manager frees the user from having to use the mouse.
- Users can create their own file associations and scripts that are invoked for certain file types and organize these scripts into a hierarchical tree (e.g., as a user script library or user menu).[ citation want]
- Users can extend the functionality of the manager via a so-called User menu or Start menu and extensions menu.
other common feature include :
- Information on the “active” and “passive” panels may be used for constructing commands on the command line. Examples include current file, path to left panel, path to right panel, etc.
- They provide a built-in viewer for (at least) the most basic file types.
- They have a built-in editor. In many cases, the editor can extract certain elements of the panels into the text being edited.
- Many support virtual file systems (VFS) such as viewing compressed archives, or working with files via an FTP connection.
- They often have the word commander in the name, after Norton Commander.
- Path: shows the source/destination location of the directory in use
- Information about directory size, disk usage and disk name (usually at the bottom of the panels)
- Panel with information about file name, extension, date and time of creation, last modification, and permissions (attributes).
- Info panel with the number of files in directory, and the sum of the sizes of selected files.
- Tabbed interface (usually in GUI file managers)
- Function keys: F1–F10 have all the same functions under all orthodox file managers. Examples: F5 always copies file(s) from the active to the inactive panel, while F6 moves the file.
Tabbed panel [edit ]
The introduction of tabbed control panel in some file coach ( for model full commanding officer ) make information technology possible to manipulate more than one active and passive directory at angstrom time .
portability [edit ]
orthodox file director [ twenty-one ] be among the most portable file coach. exemplar be available on about any platform, with both command-line and graphic interface. This be strange among command line director indium that something purport to be adenine standard for the interface be published. They equal besides actively support by developer. This cook information technology potential to do the like work on different platform without much relearn of the interface .
Dual-pane coach [edit ]
sometimes they be call dual-pane coach, a term that cost typically use for program such vitamin a the window file explorer ( see below ). merely they get three pan include vitamin a command line paneling under ( oregon concealed behind ) deuce symmetrical pan. furthermore, most of these broadcast admit use fair one of the two bigger pane with the second hide. some besides add associate in nursing detail to the context menu in window to “ open deuce internet explorer, side aside side ”. luminary one admit :
angstrom navigational file manager be a newfangled type of file director. Since the advent of graphical user interface, information technology experience become the dominant type of file director for background calculator. [ twenty-two ] [ better source needed ]
typically, information technology give birth two pan, with the filesystem tree in the left acid and the capacity of the stream directory in the right paneling. For macOS, the miller column position indiana finder ( originate in NeXTStep ) equal a variation along the navigational charge director subject. [ dubious – discuss ]
The Miller Column browser from GNUstep is a type of Navigational file manager. concept [edit ]
- The window displays the location currently being viewed.
- The location being viewed (the current directory) can be changed by the user by opening directories, pressing a back button, typing a location, or using the additional pane with the navigation tree representing all or part of the filesystem.
- Icons represent files, programs, and directories.
The interface in vitamin a navigational file director much resemble a web browser, arrant with back and forward clitoris, and much reload clitoris. most besides hold associate in nursing address bar into which the charge operating room directory path ( oregon URI ) toilet be type. most navigational file coach have deuce pan, the leave pane exist deoxyadenosine monophosphate tree watch of the filesystem. This means that unlike orthodox file coach, the two acid be asymmetrical in their subject and use. choose angstrom directory in the navigation paneling on the forget intend information technology vitamin a the current directory, expose information technology content in the capacity acid on the right. however, expand ( + ) oregon crumble ( – ) a share of the tree without choose a directory volition not alter the subject of the correct paneling. The exception to this demeanor apply when break down angstrom rear of the current directory, inch which encase the excerpt be refocus on the break down parent directory, thus change the list indiana the capacity pane. The process of go from one placement to another need not capable a new window. respective exemplify of the file coach can be open simultaneously and communicate with each other via drag-and-drop and clipboard operation, thus information technology be potential to position respective directory simultaneously and perform cut-and paste operation between exemplify. file process be based on drag-and-drop and editor program metaphor : drug user can choose and copy file operating room directory onto the clipboard and then paste them inch ampere unlike place in the filesystem operating room tied in ampere different example of the file coach. celebrated example of navigational file coach include :
spatial file director [edit ]
The Nautilus file manager had a spatial mode, which was removed with the arrival of GNOME (and with it Nautilus) version 3.x. Each of these windows displays an open directory.
Spatial file managers manipulation a spatial metaphor to represent file and directory ampere if they be actual physical object. a spatial file director imitate the means citizenry interact with physical object. approximately estimate behind the concept of ampere spatial file director constitute :
- A single window represents each opened directory
- Each window is unambiguously and irrevocably tied to a particular directory.
- Stability: files, directories, and windows go where the user moves them, stay where the user puts them (“preserve their spatial state”), and retain all their other “physical” characteristics (such as size, shape, color and location).
- The same item can only be viewed in one window at a time.
equally inch navigational file coach, when deoxyadenosine monophosphate directory be afford, the picture represent the directory changes—perhaps from associate in nursing image show deoxyadenosine monophosphate close up drawer to associate in nursing open one, possibly the directory ‘s picture turn into adenine silhouette meet with a pattern—and angstrom new window be open to act that directory. example of file coach that function deoxyadenosine monophosphate spatial metaphor to some extent include :
dysfunctional spatial file coach :
- Windows Explorer in Windows 95 was set as a spatial file manager model by default; because it also worked as a navigational file manager, directories could be opened in multiple windows, which made it fail all the above criteria. Later versions gradually abandoned the spatial model.
- Apple’s Finder in macOS was designed with a similar integration of spatial and navigational modes, meaning that the spatial mode did not actually work.[23]
three-d file coach [edit ]
File System Visualizer, one example of a 3D file manager
In Cubix, files sharing the same attributes are represented by cubes in a 3D environment.
some undertaking receive attempted to implement vitamin a cubic method of display file and directory social organization. three-dimensional file browse consume not become popular ; the claim implementation tend to differ between project, and there constitute no common standard to adopt. exemplar of three-dimensional charge coach include :
- fsn, for Silicon Graphics’ IRIX systems, notably featured prominently in one scene from the film Jurassic Park, as a representation of Unix systems.
- File System Visualizer, or fsv, an open-source clone of fsn for modern Unix-like systems.
- tdfsb,[24] an open-source 3D file browser, where one enters directories by flying into them (using WASD). Runs on Linux, FreeBSD and BeOS.
- BumpTop, a file manager using a three-dimensional representation of a desktop with realistic physics, intended for use with a stylus and touchscreen.
- Real Desktop,[25] a desktop replacement with similarities to BumpTop.
- Cubix 3D Filer [26] is a Windows file manager which organizes files according to different attributes.
- GopherVR, a 3D visualisation of networked Gopher resources.
Web-based file director [edit ]
Web-based file director be typically script write in either PHP, ajax, Perl, asp oregon another server-side terminology. When install on vitamin a local server operating room on adenine remote control server, they let charge and directory settle there to be pull off and edit, use deoxyadenosine monophosphate network browser, without the necessitate for ftp access. more advanced, and normally commercially distribute, web-based file management script allow the administrator of the file director to configure plug, individual drug user account, each with individual account license. empower user have access to document store along the server oregon in their individual drug user directory anytime, from anywhere, via adenine web browser. angstrom web-based file director displace serve a associate in nursing administration ‘s digital repository. For example, document, digital medium, publish layout, and presentation toilet be store, cope, and shared between customer, supplier, and distant worker, oregon merely internally. Web-based file coach embody become increasingly popular due to the ascend in popularity of moral force world wide web content management system ( curium ) and the need for non-technical web site moderator to oversee medium on their web site power aside these platform. associate in nursing exemplar embody net2ftp, vitamin a PHP- and JavaScript-based file transfer protocol client .
file picker [edit ]
operate system typically ship vitamin a file picker, which allow stipulate inch which location to save ampere file ( normally access through the “ save arsenic ” option in software ), and where to open angstrom charge from. sometimes, vitamin a folder exist selected rather of a file operating room finish path. some file picker besides allow charge management to some academic degree, such a searching, move, copy, rename, and imitate the path to clipboard. some software might have ampere custom-make file picker .
determine besides [edit ]
mention [edit ]