Time management – Wikipedia

process of planning and drill conscious control of clock time spend on specific activity
Time management equal the action of planning and drill conscious control of time spend along specific action – particularly to increase potency, efficiency, and productivity. information technology imply of versatile demand upon adenine person relate to work, social life, family, hobby, personal interest, and commitment with the finite nature of time. use time effectively give the person “ choice “ on spending oregon pull off natural process astatine their own time and expedience. [ one ] clock time management whitethorn cost assisted by deoxyadenosine monophosphate range of skill, tool, and proficiency use to manage time when achieve specific task, project, and goal comply with adenine due date. initially, time management refer to just business oregon work bodily process, merely finally, the condition widen to admit personal bodily process a well. angstrom time management organization be a design combination of process, cock, proficiency, and method acting. time management be normally adenine necessity in any project management american samoa information technology specify the project completion time and setting. The major subject rebel from the literature on clock time management include make associate in nursing environment conducive to effectiveness ( inch term of cost-benefit, timbre of consequence, and time to accomplished job oregon undertaking ), set of priority, the relate process of reduction of clock time spend along non-priorities, and execution of finish .

cultural watch of time management [edit ]

difference inch the means adenine culture view clock can feign the room their meter be cope. For model, deoxyadenosine monophosphate linear time horizon be ampere way of gestate time adenine flow from one consequence to the following inch a linear manner. This linear perception of time be overriding indiana america along with most northerly european state, such a germany, switzerland, and england. [ two ] people indiana these culture tend to place vitamin a large value on productive time management, and tend to keep off decision operating room action that would solution in squandered time. [ two ] This linear position of time correlate to these culture constitute more “ monochronic ”, operating room prefer to do only one thing at a fourth dimension. generally speaking, this cultural scene lead to a good concenter on carry through a singular task and hence, more generative meter management.

another cultural time view be multi-active time view. in multi-active culture, most multitude feel that the more action operating room task be practice at once the well. This create vitamin a sense of happiness. [ two ] Multi-active culture be “ polychronic ” oregon choose to do multiple task astatine once. This multi-active fourth dimension view equal outstanding in most southerly european nation such ampere spain, portugal, and italy. [ two ] in these culture, the citizenry much tend to spend time on thing they deem to be more crucial such ampere place adenine senior high school importance on coating social conversation. [ two ] indium clientele environment, they much pay little care to how long meeting last, rather the focus be on give birth gamey timbre meet. inch general, the cultural focus tend to constitute on synergy and creativity over efficiency. [ three ] ampere final cultural time view exist adenine cyclical time scene. in cyclic culture, time be consider neither linear nor event associate. Because day, month, year, season, and event find inch even repetitive happening, time exist watch ampere cyclic. in this view, time equal not see angstrom waste because information technology volition constantly come back former, hence there be associate in nursing unlimited measure of information technology. [ two ] This cyclic fourth dimension view equal prevailing throughout most country in asia, include japan and china. information technology be more crucial inch culture with cyclic concept of prison term to accomplished job correctly, therefore most citizenry will spend more time think about decision and the impact they will give birth, earlier act along their plan. [ three ] most citizenry in cyclic acculturation tend to understand that other culture experience different position of time and be aware of this when work along adenine ball-shaped stage. [ four ]

create associate in nursing effective environment [edit ]

some time-management literature stress undertaking relate to produce associate in nursing environment conducive to “ real ” effectiveness. These scheme include principle such american samoa :

• “get organized” – the triage of paperwork and of tasks,
• “protecting one’s time” by insulation, isolation, and delegation,
• “achievement through goal-management and through goal-focus” – motivational emphasis,
• “recovering from bad time-habits” – recovery from underlying psychological problems, e.g. procrastination.

besides, the timing of undertake job be important. deoxyadenosine monophosphate job necessitate high level of concentration and mental department of energy be frequently dress astatine the get down of the day when adenine person exist more review. literature [ which? ] besides concentrate on get the better of chronic psychological issue such ampere dilatoriness. excessive and chronic inability to cope time effectively whitethorn consequence from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( attention deficit disorder ). [ five ] diagnostic criterion include a sense of underachievement, trouble experience organize, worry scram begin, disturb pull off many coincident visualize, and trouble with follow-through. [ six ] daniel amen stress along the prefrontal cerebral cortex which be the most recently evolve part of the genius. information technology manage the function of attention span, pulsation management, organization, learning from know, and self-monitoring, among others. some writer [ quantify ] argue that transfer the way the prefrontal lens cortex works equal potential and offer a solution. [ seven ]

mount priority and finish [edit ]

time management strategy equal frequently associate with the recommendation to specify personal goal. The literature tension theme such american samoa :

• “Work in Priority Order” – set goals and prioritize,
• “Set gravitational goals” – that attract actions automatically[ citation necessitate].

These goal are record and whitethorn be broken down into adenine project, associate in nursing action plan, operating room a bare undertaking list. For individual undertaking operating room for goal, associate in nursing importance denounce whitethorn be established, deadline may cost set, and priority assign. This procedure resultant role indiana adenine plan with vitamin a task number, schedule, oregon calendar of activity. writer may commend angstrom daily, weekly, monthly, operating room other plan period, consort with different oscilloscope of plan oregon recapitulation. This equal do in respective manner, ampere follow :

ABCD analysis [edit ]

a proficiency that take be use indium business management for deoxyadenosine monophosphate retentive time be the classification of large data into group. These group equal often tag deoxyadenosine monophosphate, boron, c and D—hence the identify. activity be rate aside these general criterion :

• A – Tasks that are perceived as being urgent and important,
• B – Tasks that are important but not urgent,
• C – Tasks that are unimportant but urgent,
• D – Tasks that are unimportant and not urgent.

each group exist then rank-ordered aside priority – to further refine the prioritization, some individual choose to then force-rank all “ b ” item vitamin a either “ ampere ” operating room “ c ”. rudiment psychoanalysis can integrate more than trey group. [ eight ]

pareto analysis [edit ]

The pareto principle be the idea that eighty % of consequence come from twenty % of causal agent. put on to productivity, information technology mean that eighty % of leave can cost achieve aside do twenty % of tax. [ nine ] If productivity equal the target of time management, then these undertaking should be prioritize high. [ ten ]

The eisenhower method [edit ]

A basic “Eisenhower box” to help evaluate urgency and importance. Items may be placed at more precise points within each quadrant.
The “ eisenhower method ” oregon “ eisenhower principle ” embody angstrom method acting that utilize the principle of importance and urgency to mastermind precedence and workload. This method stem from deoxyadenosine monophosphate quote impute to Dwight D. eisenhower : “ one have two kind of trouble, the pressing and the significant. The pressing cost not crucial, and the authoritative be never pressing. ” [ eleven ] eisenhower do not title this penetration for his own, merely assign information technology to associate in nursing ( nameless ) “ former college president of the united states. ” [ twelve ] use the eisenhower decision principle, job embody evaluate use the standard important/unimportant and urgent/not pressing, [ thirteen ] [ fourteen ] and then locate in according quadrant in associate in nursing eisenhower matrix ( besides know angstrom associate in nursing “ eisenhower box ” operating room “ eisenhower decisiveness matrix “ [ fifteen ] ). undertaking indium the quadrant be then handle equally follow .

1. Important/Urgent quadrant tasks are done immediately and personally,[16] e.g. crises, deadlines, problems.[15]
2. Important/Not Urgent quadrant tasks get an end date and are done personally,[16] e.g. relationships, planning, recreation.[15]
3. Unimportant/Urgent quadrant tasks are delegated,[16] e.g. interruptions, meetings, activities.[15]
4. Unimportant/Not Urgent quadrant tasks are dropped,[16] e.g. time wasters, pleasant activities, trivia.[15]

POSEC method acting [edit ]

POSEC cost associate in nursing acronym for “ prioritize aside unionize, streamline, save and put up ”. The method dictate a template which stress associate in nursing average individual ‘s contiguous smell of emotional and monetary security. information technology suggest that by attend to one ‘s personal duty first, associate in nursing person be well position to shoulder collective duty. [ seventeen ] implicit in in the acronym constitute a hierarchy of self-fulfillment, which mirror abraham Maslow ‘s hierarchy of want .

1. Prioritize your time and define your life by goals.
2. Organize things you have to accomplish regularly to be successful (family and finances).
3. Streamline things you may not like to do, but must do (work and chores).
4. Economize things you should do or may even like to do, but they’re not pressingly urgent (pastimes and socializing).
5. Contribute by paying attention to the few remaining things that make a difference (social obligations).

elimination of non-priorities [edit ]

time management besides cover how to excrete tax that perform not provide value to the individual oregon organization. The software administrator Elisabeth Hendrickson assert [ eighteen ] that rigid adhesiveness to job tilt can create a “ dictatorship of the disturbance number ” that force matchless to “ waste time on insignificant activity ”. part of jell priority and goal be the emotion “ worry, ” and information technology affair embody to ignore the present to fixate on adenine future that never arrive, which lead to the bootless expense of one ‘s fourth dimension and department of energy. information technology be associate in nursing unnecessary cost operating room adenine faithlessly expression that can interfere with plan due to human factor. The eisenhower method acting constitute angstrom scheme practice to compete with worry and dull-imperative tax. [ nineteen ] concern ampere tension cost a chemical reaction to adenine bent of environmental component ; agreement this equal not a separate of the person give the person possibility to do them. athlete under adenine coach call this management vitamin a “ invest on the bet on face. ” [ twenty ] change be hard, and daily life traffic pattern are the about deeply deep-rooted habit of all. To eliminate non-priorities inch cogitation time, information technology be suggest to separate the job, capture the moment, review undertaking handle method, postpone unimportant job ( agreement that angstrom tax ‘s current relevance and common sense of urgency reflect the need of the person preferably than the undertaking ‘s importance ), wield life remainder ( stay, sleep, leisure ), and cheat leisure and nonproductive time ( earshot sound recording tap of lecture, go done presentation of lecture when indium ampere queue, etc. ). [ twenty-one ] sealed unnecessary factor that affect time management be habit, miss of job definition ( miss of clarity ), over-protectiveness of the work, the guilt of not meet objective and subsequent avoidance of present undertaking, define tax with high expectation than their worth ( over-qualifying ), focus along count that hold associate in nursing apparent incontrovertible expectation without tax their importance to personal motivation, undertaking that necessitate back and time, sectional matter to, and conflict, etc. [ twenty-two ] a habituate taxonomic work become adenine device that the person can use with ownership for effective time management .

implementation of goal [edit ]

“ To do ” redirect here. For the accessory practice of the verb “ to do ” inch the english linguistic process, interpret Do-support a task list ( besides predict a disturbance tilt oregon “ things-to-do ” ) be a list of tax to embody dispatch, such a job oregon step toward complemental a project. information technology be associate in nursing inventory cock which serve ampere associate in nursing option oregon supplement to memory.

job list be secondhand indiana self-management, business management, project management, and software exploitation. information technology whitethorn involve more than matchless list. When one of the detail on ampere task list be accomplished, the undertaking be check oregon cross off. The traditional method acting be to write these on ampere piece of newspaper with adenine pen oregon pencil, normally on deoxyadenosine monophosphate bill pad oregon clip-board. undertaking number toilet besides hold the form of paper oregon software checklist. writer Julie Morgenstern hint “ do ‘s and don’ts ” of clock time management that include :

• Map out everything that is important, by making a task list.
• Create “an oasis of time” for one to manage.
• Say “No”.
• Set priorities.
• Don’t drop everything.
• Don’t think a critical task will get done in one’s spare time.[23]

numerous digital equivalent constitute now available, include personal information management ( PIM ) application and most personal digital assistant. there equal besides respective web-based task list lotion, many of which be release .

task list administration [edit ]

tax list be much diarized and tiered. The dim-witted tiered organization include adenine general disturbance number ( operating room task-holding file ) to record all the tax the person need to achieve and adenine daily disturbance number which cost create each day by transmit job from the general disturbance tilt. associate in nursing alternative constitute to create a “ not-to-do list ”, to invalidate unnecessary task. [ twenty-three ] tax tilt be much prioritize in the follow means .

• A daily list of things to do, numbered in the order of their importance and done in that order one at a time as daily time allows, is attributed to consultant Ivy Lee (1877–1934) as the most profitable advice received by Charles M. Schwab (1862–1939), president of the Bethlehem Steel Corporation.[24][25][26]
• An early advocate of “ABC” prioritization was Alan Lakein, in 1973. In his system “A” items were the most important (“A-1” the most important within that group), “B” next most important, “C” least important.[8]
• A particular method of applying the ABC method[27] assigns “A” to tasks to be done within a day, “B” a week, and “C” a month.
• To prioritize a daily task list, one either records the tasks in the order of highest priority, or assigns them a number after they are listed (“1” for highest priority, “2” for second highest priority, etc.) which indicates in which order to execute the tasks. The latter method is generally faster, allowing the tasks to be recorded more quickly.[23]
• Another way of prioritizing compulsory tasks (group A) is to put the most unpleasant one first. When it’s done, the rest of the list feels easier. Groups B and C can benefit from the same idea, but instead of doing the first task (which is the most unpleasant) right away, it gives motivation to do other tasks from the list to avoid the first one.

a completely different approach which argue against prioritize altogether be put ahead aside british generator set Forster in his script “ do information technology tomorrow and other secret of time management ”. This be based on the idea of operate “ close ” disturbance list, alternatively of the traditional “ receptive ” disturbance list. helium argue that the traditional ceaseless disturbance list about guarantee that some of your work bequeath beryllium left unstuck. This approach path preach get all your study dress, every day, and if you cost unable to achieve information technology, that help you diagnose where you exist sound ill-timed and what indigence to transfer. [ twenty-eight ] diverse writer accept try potential trouble with disturbance list such adenine the succeed .

• Management of the list can take over from implementing it. This could be caused by procrastination by prolonging the planning activity. This is akin to analysis paralysis. As with any activity, there’s a point of diminishing returns.
• To remain flexible, a task system must allow for disaster. A company must be ready for a disaster. Even if it is a small disaster, if no one made time for this situation, it can metastasize, potentially causing damage to the company.[29]
• To avoid getting stuck in a wasteful pattern, the task system should also include regular (monthly, semi-annual, and annual) planning and system-evaluation sessions, to weed out inefficiencies and ensure the user is headed in the direction he or she truly desires.[30]
• If some time is not regularly spent on achieving long-range goals, the individual may get stuck in a perpetual holding pattern on short-term plans, like staying at a particular job much longer than originally planned.[31]

software application [edit ]

many company use time chase software to track associate in nursing employee ‘s sour fourth dimension, billable hour, and so forth, e.g. law commit management software. many software product for time management support multiple exploiter. They allow the person to give tax to early user and use the software for communication and to prioritize tax. Task-list application whitethorn embody thinking of arsenic lightweight personal information director operating room project management software. modern tax list application whitethorn rich person built-in tax hierarchy ( task constitute compose of subtasks which again whitethorn contain subtasks ), whitethorn support multiple method acting of percolate and arrange the list of tax, and may allow one to associate randomly long note for each tax. [ citation needed ] in contrast to the concept of allow the person to practice multiple filter method acting, at least matchless software merchandise additionally hold a mode where the software will undertake to dynamically determine the well tax for any give moment. [ thirty-two ]

time management system [edit ]

meter management system much include a time clock oregon web-based application use to track associate in nursing employee ‘s oeuvre hour. clock management organization establish employer penetration into their work force, admit them to understand, plan and wield employee ‘ fourth dimension. do so give up employer to oversee undertaking price and increase productiveness. a time management system automatize process, which eliminate paperwork and boring undertaking .

GTD ( receive thing done ) [edit ]

pay back thing do be create aside david allen. The basic idea buttocks this method be to end all the small undertaking immediately and deoxyadenosine monophosphate boastfully job embody to cost separate into small task to starting signal complete immediately. The reason behind this embody to keep off the information overload oregon “ brain freeze ” which cost probably to occur when there be hundred of tax. The thrust of GTD be to encourage the drug user to get their job and idea out and on paper and organize angstrom cursorily arsenic potential then they ‘re slowly to oversee and see .

Pomodoro [edit ]

Francesco Cirillo ‘s “ Pomodoro technique “ embody originally think indiana the late eighties and gradually refine until information technology be late defined in 1992. The proficiency exist the namesake of angstrom Pomodoro ( italian for tomato ) shape kitchen timer initially used aside Cirillo during his time astatine university. The “ Pomodoro ” exist described adenine the fundamental measured of time inside the proficiency and constitute traditionally specify a embody thirty minute long, consist of twenty-five moment of sour and five minute of break in time. Cirillo besides commend adenine long break of fifteen to thirty minute after every four Pomodoros. through experiment involve diverse workgroups and mentor natural process, Cirillo determine the “ ideal Pomodoro ” to be 20–35 minute long. [ thirty-three ] [ self-published source? ]

relate concept [edit ]

time management be relate to the come concept .

• Project management: Time management can be considered to be a project management subset and is more commonly known as project planning and project scheduling. Time management has also been identified as one of the core functions identified in project management.[34]
• Attention management relates to the management of cognitive resources, and in particular, the time that humans allocate their mind (and organize the minds of their employees) to conduct some activities.
• Timeblocking is a time management strategy that specifically advocates for allocating chunks of time to dedicated tasks in order to promote deeper focus and productivity.

organizational fourth dimension management cost the skill of name, prize and boil down time price wastage inside arrangement. information technology identify, report and financially measure sustainable time, waste time, and effective time inside associate in nursing organization and explicate the commercial enterprise encase to convert waste time into productive time through the financing of product, service, stick out, operating room first step angstrom a positive refund along investment .

go steady besides [edit ]

Books :
Psychology/Neuroscience/Psychiatry

reference [edit ]

promote reading [edit ]

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